When building a cold room, insulation plays a critical role in energy efficiency, temperature stability, and long-term performance. Two of the most commonly used materials in cold room insulation are PIR (Polyisocyanurate) and PUR (Polyurethane) boards. Though they look similar at first glance, their performance in thermal insulation and fire resistance can vary significantly.
What Are PIR and PUR Insulation Boards?
- PUR (Polyurethane) Insulation Board
A traditional insulation material for cold rooms. It offers good thermal performance at a relatively low cost. PUR boards are widely used in small to mid-sized cold rooms where fire resistance is not a top concern. - PIR (Polyisocyanurate) Insulation Board
An advanced version of PUR, PIR offers better fire resistance, lower thermal conductivity, and greater temperature tolerance. Ideal for commercial or industrial cold rooms where safety and efficiency are critical.
Recommended Insulation Board Thickness for Cold Rooms
Insulation thickness depends on the cold room’s temperature range:
| Cold Room Type | Temperature Range | Recommended Thickness |
|---|---|---|
| Chiller Room | +2°C to +10°C | 50mm – 75mm |
| Medium Cold Room | 0°C to -5°C | 75mm – 100mm |
| Freezer Room | -18°C to -25°C | 100mm – 150mm |
| Ultra-Low Temperature | Below -30°C | 150mm – 200mm |
Thicker boards help reduce energy costs by minimizing thermal loss, especially for low-temperature cold rooms.
Fire Resistance Comparison
Fire safety is essential in cold room design. Here’s how PIR and PUR boards compare:
| Insulation Type | Fire Rating | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| PUR | Class B2 (Combustible) | May release toxic smoke when burned |
| PIR | Class B1 (Flame-retardant) | Forms a char layer, slows down fire spread |
| Choose PIR if fire safety, efficiency, and long-term durability are key priorities. |
Investing in the right insulation board ensures lower energy bills, better cooling performance, and improved safety for years to come.
If your cold room is installed in a commercial facility or near heat sources, PIR is the safer choice.
Performance Comparison: PIR vs PUR
| Feature | PUR | PIR |
|---|---|---|
| Thermal Conductivity | 0.022 – 0.025 W/mK | 0.020 – 0.023 W/mK (better) |
| Fire Resistance | Lower | Higher |
| Temperature Range | -20°C to +80°C | -40°C to +110°C |
| Durability/Lifespan | 15–20 years | 20–25 years |
| Cost | Lower | Slightly higher |
Panel Construction and Surface Material
Cold room panels often use camlock systems for easy installation and tight sealing. Outer panel layers can be made from:
- Color-coated steel (PPGI)
- Stainless steel
- Aluminum
These surfaces provide additional durability and corrosion resistance, important for food-grade or pharmaceutical cold rooms.
Conclusion
When selecting insulation boards for your cold room, it’s important to balance cost, performance, and safety:
- Use PUR if you’re on a tight budget and building a small cold room.
Looking for PIR or PUR insulation for your cold storage project? Contact us for expert advice and a free quote!
